Freedom of Expression

Whenever government disfavors one kind of speech, it 的地方s that speech at a disadvantage, 潜在地干扰思想的自由市场和个人表达思想和观点的能力，而这种能力可以帮助个人决定他希望生活在什么样的社会中, help shape that society, and help define his 的地方 within it.

Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer, 里德v. 吉尔伯特镇 (2015)

思想的自由交流和参与热烈讨论的机会是教与学的重要组成部分. 因此,圣. 澳门威尼斯人娱乐城作为一个思想市场，提供新的信息和不同的观点，帮助学生为知识分子的生活做好准备, 通过冒险发现和应用新的解决方案来应对挑战和机遇的技能，实现专业和个人成就, innovation and imagination.

We demonstrate the value of freedom of expression in accordance within 明尼苏达州 Board Policy 3.1 Student Rights and Responsibilities:

Freedom of Expression
学生个人和学生组织可以自由地研究和讨论他们感兴趣的所有问题，并公开和私下表达意见. 他们可以自由地以有序的方式支持事业，而不会严重扰乱学院或大学的正常和基本运作. 学生有权对任何学习过程中提供的信息或观点提出合理的异议，并保留对意见事项的判断, 但他们有责任学习他们注册的任何课程的内容.

Freedom of Association
学生有权自由组织和参加促进其共同和合法利益的组织, subject to college or university policies, 程序, 、法规. 违反学院或大学政策的组织可能会被扣留或撤销注册或认可, 程序, 、法规.

St. 云州 University maintains the right to 的地方 reasonable restrictions on time, 的地方, 和表达方式，禁止任何破坏大学正常运作的行为. These restrictions are only used to allow for normal university operations. An example of a reasonable restriction is sound levels. 特别是, the sound level should not interfere with classes, 会议, 校园事件或正在进行的操作和活动或宿舍学生的隐私.

For more information on time, 的地方, and manner restrictions please review the Use of Outdoor Space 政策. 

受保护的

虽然 the First Amendment uses the word speech, the U.S. Supreme Court has held that it is not limited to pure speech, but that it protects a wide variety of expressions including the written word, 象征性的语言, 演讲加. 因此, 几乎所有的言论和表达都受到法律保护，包括那些个人可能觉得冒犯的言论和表达, 不可接受的, 或有害的. 纯粹的言论仅限于口头表达，包括辩论和公共集会，受到宪法第一修正案的最大保护. 象征性言语也被称为表达性行为，是一种不需要言语就能传达信息的行为，比如燃烧国旗. “言论+”是指言论与行动相结合，包括和平集会，进行抗议和抵制. 言论加通常受到第一修正案的保护，但这种行为可能受到管制. The University may address protected speech that does not align with 我们的哈士奇契约 through dialogue and education.

不受保护的言论

在少数狭义的情况下，言论和表达不受保护. The First Amendment does not protect defamation, discriminatory harassment, disruption of the academic environment, 战斗的话, inciting or producing an imminent lawless action, obscenity and child pornography, and true threats of violence. 大学将通过适当的政策和程序对不受保护的言论或行为作出回应.

“If there be time to expose through discussion the falsehood and fallacies, to avert the evil by the process of education, the remedy to be applied is more speech, not enforced silence.”

Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis, 惠特尼v. 加州 (1927)

有时候，参与思想市场会导致遇到有争议的想法和观点，这可能会引起不适. 虽然, 不舒服的时刻可能是学习过程中有价值的一部分，挑战是当这些想法和观点威胁或限制学生的学习能力时，如何应对.

Not all students will react to 有争议的, or even offensive speech, in the same way; some prefer to avoid it completely, while others prefer to confront it directly. 其他人可能会发现，倾听有争议的观点有助于他们完善自己的思想和想法, even if it doesn’t change them. 鼓励那些可能因别人的言论而心烦意乱的学生集中精力回应别人所说的话, rather than trying to prevent others from saying it. 

It is important to acknowledge that although protected, 有争议的 and offensive speech can have deep and lasting impact on our community. Disparaging ideas is not the same as disparaging identities. 此外, 我们社会中不平衡的权力动态往往加剧了一些言论对历史上的人的负面影响被边缘化的 社区. 我们强烈鼓励学生反思他们使用的语言，让他们的同龄人充分和安全地参与课堂内外的体验.

“The most important aspect of freedom of speech is freedom to learn. 所有的教育都是一种持续的对话——问题和答案，追求地平线上的每一个问题. That is the essence of academic freedom.”

Supreme Court Justice William O. Dogulas

学术自由的概念是由美国大学教授协会(American Association of University Professors)于1999年提出的 1940 Statement of Principles on 学术自由 and Tenure. 它的发展是为了提高公众对学术自由的认识和理解, 该声明有助于确定一套在教学过程中保护言论自由和探究自由的价值观.

明尼苏达州 Board Policy 3.1 provides students with the right of Freedom to Learn.

In addition to the basic constitutional rights enjoyed by all citizens, 高校学生享有与学术自由和学生身份相关的具体权利. Freedom to teach and freedom to learn are inseparable facets of academic freedom. 学习的自由取决于在所有学习环境中适当的机会和条件, 在校园里, and in the larger community. Students are expected to exercise their freedom with responsibility.